Engine-governor



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

M. A. GREEN.

ENGINE GOVERNOR.

No. 480,580. Patented Aug. 9, 1892.

WITNESSE S ATTORNEYS (No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2.

M. A. GREEN.

ENGINE GOVERNOR.

No. 480,580. Patented Aug. 9, 1892.

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/ N VE N TOR Warllrtfl freer By M ATTORNEYS N d/iad/ n4: Nnnms v c0.,morommo wAsm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARTIN A. GREEN, OF ALTOONA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ENGINE-GOVERNOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 480,580, dated August9, 1892.

Serial No. 423,362- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MARTIN A. GREEN, residing at ,Altoona, in the countyof Blair and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain new and usefulImprovements in Engine- Governors, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention has for its object to provide certain improvements in thatclass of centripetal governors in which the desired degree of speed isaifected by variations of the operative position of the adjustablevalve-acting eccentric; and it consists in the novel arrangement andpeculiar combination of parts, all of which will hereinafterbe fullydescribed in the specification, and particularly pointed out in theclaims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure 1 is a face View of a band-wheel having my improved governordevices applied. Fig.2 is avertical sectional elevation of the same onthe line 2 2, Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views illustrating themain or fixed base-plate. Fig. 5 is a face view of the rocker. Fig. 6 isa horizontal section of the same on the line 6 6, Fig. 1. Figs. 7 and 8are detail views of the eccentric-pin, and Figs. 9 and 10 are similarviews of the capplate.

It has been found that to construct a centripetal governor to maintainperfect regulation it has to be in equilibrium-that is to say, thecentripetal force must be in exact harmony with the centrifugal force atall points of cut-off. Unfortunately there arises a difficulty here,that if the governor is so arranged that the two forces are in exactharmony with one another at all points of the cut-ofi the governorbecomes unstable and will go from one extreme to the other, what isknown as racing or hunting. Now to overcome this I find that thecentripetal force must increase more rapidly than the centrifugal force,as the balls move outward. This causes stability to the running of thegovernor at the sacrifice of regulation. To overcome this sacrifice ofregulation, I have designed my iinproved governor so that the operativemechanism will automatically balance up the necessary overbalance of thecentripetal force to make the governor stable.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

A indicates a base-plate, which is bolted to the outer end of theband-wheel, and which is formed with an integral outwardly-projectingpin or stud B, as most clearly shown in Fi s. 3 and 4., by reference towhich it will be seen that such pin B has its center near the center ofthe main shaft, the purpose of which will hereinafter appear.

0 indicates the rocker or carrier plate, which is journaled and swingson the studpin B, as shown.

D indicates theeccentric-pin, the construction of which is most clearlyshown in Figs. 8 and 9, and consists of the annular base d, formed nearits peripheral edge with a pivotlug d and with a central hub portion(1*. This pin has its pivot d seated in a socket a in the rocker orcarrier plate 0, such pivotal connection, when the parts are in theposition shown in Fig. 1, being over the center of the main shaft, thesaid pin being held to the rocker-plate C by a bolt 01 which passesthrough a slot 0 in the plate and which is tapped to the pin D, asshown.

By reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the pin D, to which theeccentric-rod is connected, is eccentric to the main shaft, whichthereby gives a crank motion and moves the valve backward and forward.

By swinging the rocker-plate across the base-plate A in the directionindicated by the arrow reduces the travel of the valve, and therebyreduces the quantity of steam that the engine receives.

The rocker-plate C has a lubricating-reser-v voir 10 formed in its hubportion, which receives oil through the channel 11, with whichcommunicates a channel 12 in the pin D, which is supplied by a standinglubricator (not shown) outside of the band-wheel.

E indicates the cap-plate which forms the washer to hold the strap ofeccentric-rod on the pin D, it being screwed to such pin, as clearlyshown in Fig. 2. The rocker-plate is provided with a counterpoise C thepurpose of which is to balance up the end of the rocker C, so that thereis no interference with the proper movement of the governor.

G G indicate the ball-weights, which are secured to the swinging arms HH, pivoted to the spokes 0f the band-wheel, as clearly shown in Fig. 1,and to provide a simple and efiective means for attaching such balls tothe arms. The said balls have each a central aperture g, the lower partof which is reduced and threaded, as at g, into which the reducedthreaded ends 71 of the arms are screwed, and such arms having a portionextended into the aperture g, as shown, there is no danger of the armbreaking ofi at the screw-shank, as is customary when the arms areattached to the outer edge of the balls.

I I indicate clamps movable on the arms H,

to which are connected the inner ends of the double-wound springs J, theouter ends of which are connected to screw-nuts K, in which are fittedthe adjusting screw-rods L, the ends of which are connected with theclevises M, which in turn are connected to rack-bars N, fitted to therim of the band-wheel, as most clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

By connecting the springs to the arms in the manner stated means areprovided for changing the angularity of the springs J This is a muchdesired improvement, for the reason that no two springs can be temperedexactly alike to increase in force as they are drawn out, and for thatreason the centripetal force cannot be nearly enough balanced without anadjustment to change the angu- By means of the racks larity of thespring. N, I am enabled to change the angularity of the spring to justsuit the temper of eachspring, so that the governor can be perfectlyadjusted.

jectin g ear G, to which are pivotally connected arms 0, the inner endsof which are connected to oppositelyextending wing members 0 a", formedon the rocker-plate C. It will be noticed by reference to Fig. 1 thatwhen the governor-balls are in their inner position the arms 0 almostcome to-a straight line, which swings the rocker-plate in the directionindicated by arrow X and brings it and its eccentric-pin to theposit-ion shown, such movement being limited by a stop P, with whichalug c on the plate 0 engages, a similar stop P beingprovided, with whichthe lug 0 engages when the rocker-plate C is swung to its limit in theopposite direction. The stops P P can be chipped, so as to give thedesired travel of cut-off valve.

By connecting the governor-balls to the rocker-plate, as stated, I amenabled to maintain perfect regulation and at the same time have astable working governor, such result being. accounted for as follows:When the governor is in its inner position and when the engineis heavilyloaded, the arms 0 become almost parallel. Now when the balls move outat the beginning of such movement the rocker-plate C will be movedslightly; but as the balls reach their outer position and the angle ofthe arms H and 0 become sharper travel of the rocker-plate is increasedwith relation to the movement of the balls. By this method it requiresmore movement of the balls when they are in their inner position tochange the travel of the valve than it does when they are in their outerposition, which balances up the undue increase of centripetal forcerendered by the springs. It will also be noticed that as the fulcrum forthe rocker-plate is near the center of the main shaft makes the arc ofthe rocker very sharp,

which adds to the cutting down of the valve ;motion", and as theeccentric-pin D is pivoted on such rocker at a point over the center ofthe main shaft it can be readily adjusted to increase or diminish thelead of the valve,,the same as moving an ordinary eccentric aroundtheshaft, which is a new and valuable feature in relation to governors of Ithis kind. The wing member c of the rockerplate 0 is extended, as at 0and to thisextension is connected the inner endof a rod Q, I the outerend of which has a leather piston R, which works in a cylinder S, whichserves to cushion the inward and outward movement of the rocker C. Nofluid is used. .air being of an elastic nature has the same qualities asa dash-pot filled with liquid, hav- The ing a spring attachment, whichmakes amuch simpler attachment to cushion the inward and outwardmovement of the governor.

By using a double-wound spring-that is I to say, the steel being doubleat theend that is connected to the clamp, and wound both ways-t0 a nuton end Whererod isattached :I get the benefit of two springs combined in1 one on each arm.

Each of the balls G is formed with a pro- This governor is not confinedin its use only to the outside of the wheel, as it can be readilyadapted for use on the inside of. the wheel by increasing the pin B to asufficient size to go over the main engine-shaft on the inside of thewheel and placing an eccentric of sufiicientsize to go round theengine-shaft 1or rocker 0.

Having thus described my invention, what Iclaim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

1. In a centrifugal governor mechanism, the combination, with the shaftandtthe governorwheel, a'pivot-pin projected from the hub of the wheeleccentric to its axis, arocker-plate j ournaled on such pinand connectedwiththe pivotal governor-arms, the valve-pin D, cocentrical'ly journaled on therocker-plate, such journal being normally over the axisof the wheel when the governor-balls are at their normal innermostposition,a1l arranged substantially as shown, and for the purposesdescribed.

2. The combination, with the supportingwheel, the rocker-plate O,journaled thereon near the center of the main shaft, said plate having acounterpoise at one end and carrying the eccentric-pin D at its otherend and formed with opposite lateral extensions 0 c and a cushiondevice, substantially asshown, mounted on the wheel and having itsnlunger-rod connected with the rocker-plate, of

springs J, and the arms 0, pivotally connected at their opposite ends tothe balls G and the extensions 0 0 all arranged as shown, and for thepurpose described.

3. The combination, with the wheel, the governor-arms Hand halls G, andmeans for imparting a centripetal action thereto, of the plate A, havingstops P P, the rocker-plate journaled thereon near the center of themain shaft, having a stop-lug, the eccentric -pin mounted on saidrocker-plate, and the oppositely-disposed connecting-arms O, pivotallyconnected to the rocker-plate and the balls G, substantially as and forthe purpose described.

4. In a governor mechanism, substantially as described, the combination,with the wheelhub, the eccentric rocker-plate O, pivoted thereon, of thepivoted arms H, having their outer ends reduced and threaded, as at h,the balls G, having an enlarged bore adapted to receive the lowerportion of the arms H, and a reduced threaded portion adapted to receivethe threaded ends of said arms, and the arms 0, pivotally connected attheir ends with the balls and with the rocker-plate, all substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

5. In a governor mechanism, substantially as described,thecombination,with the wheel and the centrifugal governing mechanism,including the hinged arms H, of the adjustable clamps I, thedouble-wound springs J, connected at their free ends to the clamps I andat their looped ends to screw-nuts K, and the adj usting-rods L,connected with the nuts K and the wheel-rim, substantially as and forthe purpose described.

6. In a governor mechanism, essentially as described, the combination,with the wheel and the combined centripetal and centrifugal actingweighted arms H, pivoted thereto, of the plate A, having journal B, therocking plate 0, mounted thereon, having a lubricating-reservoir 10, anda channel 11, communicating therewith, the eccentric-pin D, journaled onsuch plate, formed with a lubricantreceiving channel 12, communicatingwith the channel 11, the cap-plate E, held on the pin D, and the arms 0,connecting the rocker-plate and the balls G on the arms H, all arrangedsubstantially as and for the purpose described.

7. In a centrifugal governor, the combination, with the wheelrocker-plate C, eccentrically journalled on the hub thereof, theswinging balls G, the arms 0, connecting the balls and the rocker-plate,said rocker-plate having an extension 0 of the cylinder S, secured tothe wheel, the piston R, working therein, and the rod Q, connecting thepiston and the rocker-arm extension 0 substantially as and for thepurpose described.

MARTIN A. GREEN.

Witnesses:

M. D. OoUoH, JOHN L. RIPPoRD.

